As the world confronts the urgent challenge of climate change, Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is emerging as a vital technology to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. By capturing carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions at their source—such as power plants, steel mills, and cement factories—and transporting them to underground storage sites, CCS prevents harmful gases from entering the atmosphere.

Supporters of CCS highlight its importance in tackling hard-to-decarbonize sectors, where direct electrification or renewable energy integration is less feasible. Heavy industries, which produce vast amounts of CO₂ during their processes, stand to benefit greatly from CCS technologies. Additionally, coupling CCS with bioenergy (BECCS) could even deliver negative emissions, removing more CO₂ from the air than is released.

However, CCS is not without debate. Critics point out that high costs, infrastructure demands, and energy requirements can limit its scalability. There is also concern that reliance on CCS might delay investments in renewable energy and energy efficiency.